Summary
In every Freedombox setup I made so far I experienced this problem after installing Matrix-Synapse with coTURN:
The coTURN service fails to start after the system startup and I had to check and start it manually in cockpit.
Solution
After a quick internet search I found a solution for me which I believe could also be used as standard setting(?).
Change the after setting in /lib/systemd/system/coturn.service from network.target to network-online.target. This solved the problem for me.